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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*serc?eface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"sparrowface="Times New Roman Star"воробей
face="Times New Roman Star"sec?e (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"serc?e
face="Times New Roman Star"serc?a" (Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"sa"rc?a"face="Times New Roman Star"serc?e



face="Times New Roman Star"s/erz/i











face="Times New Roman Star"sic?a, siz?|a"
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 795, VEWT 412, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*syg-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to enter, fit intoface="Times New Roman Star"вмещатьсяface="Times New Roman Star"syg|- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"syg|- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"syg|-, sy:-face="Times New Roman Star"syj-face="Times New Roman Star"syg|- (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"sig|-face="Times New Roman Star"sig|-face="Times New Roman Star"syg|-face="Times New Roman Star"syg|-face="Times New Roman Star"syg|-

face="Times New Roman Star"syj-





face="Times New Roman Star"syj-face="Times New Roman Star"syj-
face="Times New Roman Star"hyj-
face="Times New Roman Star"sy:-face="Times New Roman Star"syg|-face="Times New Roman Star"syj-face="Times New Roman Star"syx-face="Times New Roman Star"syj-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 804, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*syr/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to feel pain 2 pain, sufferingface="Times New Roman Star"1 ощущать ломоту, чувствовать боль 2 боль, ломота, страдания
face="Times New Roman Star"syzla- (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"syzy- 1, syzy 2face="Times New Roman Star"sys 2 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"sizgi 2 (R.)



face="Times New Roman Star"syzla- 1



face="Times New Roman Star"sъrъltat- 'to feel ague' (?)



face="Times New Roman Star"syz 2face="Times New Roman Star"syz 2


face="Times New Roman Star"syzy 2



face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 863, VEWT 420.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sypface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"2-year-old colt; donkey coltface="Times New Roman Star"двухгодовалый жеребенок; осленок
face="Times New Roman Star"syp (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"sypa
face="Times New Roman Star"sypa (Houts.)

face="Times New Roman Star"sypface="Times New Roman Star"sypa



face="Times New Roman Star"supa














face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 783, ЭСТЯ 7. Note also Osm. (R.) syrpa id.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"c?i-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"eagleface="Times New Roman Star"орел

face="Times New Roman Star"gu"c?en, gu"c?u"genface="Times New Roman Star"ko"co"ga"n (Sib.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?igen (Houts.)






face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?u"gen (Tel.)
face="Times New Roman Star"kajъk-k@z?@k, kajъk-k@s? 'animals and birds'



face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?u"genface="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?igen
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"so"ga"n (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?igen

face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 3, 631, ЭСТЯ 5, 130. The Chuv. form is hardly derived from *Kul/ 'bird', despite Федотов 1, 289.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jo":nface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 side, direction 2 to be directed towards, head towards 3 reason, method, cause 4 regular, easy 5 cheap 6 originface="Times New Roman Star"1 сторона, направление 2 направляться, поворачиваться 3 причина, способ, отношение 4 простой, правильный 5 дешевый 6 происхождениеface="Times New Roman Star"jon 3 (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"jo"n 1, 3, ju"nel- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n 3, 5, ju"na"l- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jo"n 1 (Бор. Бад.)face="Times New Roman Star"jo.nal- 2, z?|o.n 4 ( < Kypch. or Mong.)face="Times New Roman Star"jo"ne|l- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"jo"n 1face="Times New Roman Star"jo":nel- 2








face="Times New Roman Star"z?|o"n 1, 4, 6, z?|o"no"- 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?o"n 1face="Times New Roman Star"jo"ne- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n 3, 4, ju"ne|le|- 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?|o"ne- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"jo"ne- 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?o"n 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 208, EDT 941, ЭСТЯ 4, 232-234. Tat. > Chuv. ju"n@ 'cheap' (Федотов 1, 204-205).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tujugface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"whole, completeface="Times New Roman Star"полностьюface="Times New Roman Star"tujg|un 'high official' (Orkh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"(КСТТ) tojoq






face="Times New Roman Star"tujuqface="Times New Roman Star"tuj 'compact, solid'; (dial.) tujag| 1 (R - Leb.)

face="Times New Roman Star"tuj(u)gun 'excellent', tujula:- 'to reach a high degree' (Пек.)


face="Times New Roman Star"tujuq








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 497, EDT 568.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku:tur/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 mad, enraged 2 to become mad, rage 3 to instigate 4 instigationface="Times New Roman Star"1 сумасшедший, бешеный 2 сходить с ума, быть в бешенстве 3 подстрекать 4 подстрекательствоface="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qutuz 1, qutur- 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kuduz 1, kudur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qotoroq 4, qotyr- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qutuz 1 (Ettuhf., Бор. Бад.), qutur- 2 (Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qutu(r)- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"Guduz 1, Gudur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"Guduz 1, Gu:dura- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"xъw|dъw|r 'boaster', xъw|dъw|r- 'to curse'; kъdъr- 2 ( < Tat.)face="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2


face="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qutyr- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qutyr- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qotort- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"quduz 1face="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qutyr- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qutur- 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 305, EDT 605, 608, ЭСТЯ 6, 103-105.
face="Times New Roman Star"*de:minface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 enough 2 immediatelyface="Times New Roman Star"1 достаточно 2 немедленно, только чтоface="Times New Roman Star"temin 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"temin (MK) 2face="Times New Roman Star"demin 2









face="Times New Roman Star"ti:emi 1face="Times New Roman Star"taman 1, 2

face="Times New Roman Star"dem 2, demin 2face="Times New Roman Star"de|:min 2




face="Times New Roman Star"demin 2face="Times New Roman Star"demin (K) 2


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 507, ЭСТЯ 3, 187-188.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Te:.lface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to put the kid or calf to a different milch-ewe or cow 2 a kid or calf sucking two milch-ewes or cowsface="Times New Roman Star"1 отдать ягненка другой кормящей самке 2 теленок, сосущий двух маток
face="Times New Roman Star"tel- (MK) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tile- 1







face="Times New Roman Star"telkin 'roe (female)'

face="Times New Roman Star"ti:l 2, tilij- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tel 2
face="Times New Roman Star"teli- 1, tel 2face="Times New Roman Star"tel- 1, tel 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tile- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"teli- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 490 (sub 'to pierce'), VEWT 471. Turk. > MMo, WMong. tel, teleg|e id. (see Щербак 1997, 166).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tu"l/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"fruit, seedface="Times New Roman Star"плод, семяface="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? (OUygh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?









face="Times New Roman Star"t@w|z?@w| > Komi tus/, NW t@rz?@






face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 558-559, VEWT 507, Лексика 114, Федотов 2, 225, Егоров 249.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Titir (? -y-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"female camelface="Times New Roman Star"самка верблюдаface="Times New Roman Star"titir (OUygh. - YB)face="Times New Roman Star"titir (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"titir (Houts.)























face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 482, EDT 458-459.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:gface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"steam, fogface="Times New Roman Star"пар, туман
face="Times New Roman Star"bu (MK, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"bu 'aroma' (poet.), bug|u 'steam'face="Times New Roman Star"bu, bu-la-n- 'to vaporize'face="Times New Roman Star"bug| (Sangl., Pav. C.), mug| (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"bug|, bug|-la- 'to steam'face="Times New Roman Star"bug|
face="Times New Roman Star"buGface="Times New Roman Star"bu:G

face="Times New Roman Star"buu
face="Times New Roman Star"pъw|v



face="Times New Roman Star"bu:face="Times New Roman Star"buw; buw-la- 'to steam', bu-la- 'to treat with steam (medically)'face="Times New Roman Star"buw; buwaldyr 'hoar-frost'face="Times New Roman Star"bywface="Times New Roman Star"buwaq 'hoar-frost'face="Times New Roman Star"bu:face="Times New Roman Star"buvface="Times New Roman Star"puw
face="Times New Roman Star"bug|aq 'hoar-frost'face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 292, VEWT 86, ЭСТЯ 2, 229-230, Лексика 37. The behaviour of final -g after a long vowel is probably regular (although this combination is rather rare). Turk. > MMong. bug| (АФМ) 'steam' (Щербак 1997, 163).
face="Times New Roman Star"*du"m-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"drumface="Times New Roman Star"барабан
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"mru"g (MK Oghuz.)face="Times New Roman Star"du"mru" (Osm.), du"mbek
face="Times New Roman Star"du"mbek























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 509, VEWT 504-505.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kel/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"quiverface="Times New Roman Star"колчанface="Times New Roman Star"kes? (OUygh., Yenis.)face="Times New Roman Star"kes? (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"kes? (Qutb., MA, IM)









face="Times New Roman Star"kesex (Пек.)
face="Times New Roman Star"xes? (Todzh., Рас. ФиЛ 188)face="Times New Roman Star"xes? 1face="Times New Roman Star"kes? (R)




face="Times New Roman Star"kes?, kes


face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 258, EDT 752, MNT 1697, ЭСТЯ 5, 60-61 (see ibid. the literature on the history of arms). {Cf. Russ. колчан < unattested Bulg.?}
face="Times New Roman Star"*KEmekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a k. of striped cloth for making upper clothesface="Times New Roman Star"вид полосатой ткани для изготовления верхней одежды
face="Times New Roman Star"kemek (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 722. The isolated OT word may be borrowed from Eastern Iranian: cf. Pers. kamxa < Chin. gimhua (see VEWT 229 on further loans: Pers. > Turkic kamka > Russ. камка 'striped silk cloth'). Cf. other similar cases (like Sak. kamais?ka > MK kemis?ge etc.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kergu"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"paunchface="Times New Roman Star"сетка желудка
face="Times New Roman Star"kergu"k (MK)














face="Times New Roman Star"kergijek










face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 742, Рас. ФиЛ. 203.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sub-luk (?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"turbanface="Times New Roman Star"тюрбан
face="Times New Roman Star"suvluq (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 788.
face="Times New Roman Star"*su":c?i-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"sweetface="Times New Roman Star"1 сладкий 2 становиться сладкимface="Times New Roman Star"su"c?ig 'sweet' (Orkh.), su"c?u"g 'wine; sweet' (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"su"c?i- 'to be sweet' (MK, KB), su"cig (MK, KB, IM) 'wine, sweet'face="Times New Roman Star"su"z?|i (Osm.), su"z?|u" 'wine'face="Times New Roman Star"to"c?e 'insipid, sweet'face="Times New Roman Star"su"c?u"g 'sweet, wine' (Qutb, Houts.)face="Times New Roman Star"suc?uk ? c?uc?uk 'sweet, insipid', c?uc?u- 2face="Times New Roman Star"su"c?u"k ? c?u"c?u"k 1, c?u"c?u"- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"su"jz?|i 1, su"jz?|e- 2








face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"c?u" 1

face="Times New Roman Star"so"so" 'insipid', so"so"- 2





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 795, 796-797, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*iske-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to pinch, pluck out 2 pincers 3 chiselface="Times New Roman Star"1 выщипывать 2 щипчики, клещи 3 резец, долото
face="Times New Roman Star"iske- (MK) 1





face="Times New Roman Star"iska"na" 3face="Times New Roman Star"iskew 2, isga"na" 3




face="Times New Roman Star"iskex 2












face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 246, VEWT 174 (Tadzh. iskana probably < Turk.), ЭСТЯ 1, 382-383.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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